Главная  /  Наука и инновации  /  Исторический поиск  /  Metadata for the articles  /  Historical Search, 2020, vol. 1, no. 4  /  PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITY OF THE TEACHING COMMUNITY OF CHUVASHIA (1917–1941): HISTORIOGRAPHIC ASPECT

PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITY OF THE TEACHING COMMUNITY OF CHUVASHIA (1917–1941): HISTORIOGRAPHIC ASPECT

Larisa N. Tokhtieva, Elena K. Mineeva

DOI: 10.47026/2712-9454-2020-1-4-148-160

Key words

school education, social and professional community, quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the teaching community, Chuvashia in 1917–1941, educational and methodical activities, social and political work, historical sources

Annotation

The paper analyzes the sources, first introduced into the scientific circulation, extracted from the State Archive of the Russian Federation and five regional archives: the National Archive of the Republic of Tatarstan, the State Archive of the Mari El Republic, the State Historical Archive of the Chuvash Republic, the State Archive of Modern History of the Chuvash Republic, the State Press Archive of the Chuvash Republic as well as from the current archives of general education organizations. The article presents a review of materials extracted from the Chuvash National, Poretsky historical and local history, school museums, the Museum of Public Education of the Chuvash Republic. Published sources are characterized in detail: normative legal acts, government and party resolutions, departmental materials, collections of documents, works of state and public figures, statistics, memoirs, reference materials, periodicals. According to the authors, it is essential to examine existing sources in a complex, comparing and contrasting them, with a view to identify the extent of their reliability. Multiplicity and diversity in the form and content of the presented historical sources create conditions for concretization, analysis, comparison, systematization and synthesis of all the collected information for deeper studying various aspects of evolvement and development of the Soviet school in Chuvashia in 1917–1941.

References

  1. 20 let ChASSR [20 years of CHASSR]. Cheboksary, 1940, 164 р.
  2. Alatyrtsev V. Khochetsya zhit’ i rabotat’ [I want to live and work]. Krasnaya Chuvashiya [Red Chuvashia]. 1939, May 21.
  3. Alikovskaya entsiklopediya [Alikov encyclopedia]. Cheboksary, Chuvash Publ. House, 2009, book 1, 634 p.
  4. Atlanty sveta i dobra: (Vospominaniya vypusknikov i rabotnikov chuvashsko-go gospeduniversiteta) [Atlanteans of light and good: (Memoirs of graduates and employees of the Chuvash state University)]. Cheboksary, Chuvash State Pedagogical University Publ., 2002, 325 p.
  5. Biryukova I. O personal’nykh pensiyakh [About personal pensions]. Rabotnik prosveshcheniya, 1925, no. 7, p. 2-3, 24.
  6. Vinogradov N. Obsledovanie derevni. Iz zapisnoi knizhki inspektora [Survey of the village. From the inspector’s notebook]. Rabotnik prosveshcheniya, 1924, 7, pp. 29–33.
  7. Volin B.M. Shkol’noe delo – na uroven’ zadach sotsialisticheskogo stroitel’stva [School work-to the level of tasks of socialist construction]. Sotsialisticheskoe stroitel’stvo v ChASSR, 1935, no. 7-8, pp. 8–23.
  8. Vsesoyuznaya shkol’naya perepis’ 15 dekabrya 1927 g. T. I. Sotsial’noe vospi-tanie. Ch. I. Shkol’nye uchrezhdeniya [All-Union school census, 1927, Dec. 15. Vol. I: Social education. Part I: School institutions]. Moscow, 1930, 245 p.
  9. Vsesoyuznaya shkol’naya perepis’ 15 dekabrya 1927 g. T. I. Sotsial’noe vospi-tanie. Ch. II. Uchashchiesya. Ch. III. Prepodavateli [All-Union school census, 1927, Dec. 15. Vol. I: Social education. Part II: Students. Part III: Teachers]. Moscow, 1930, 482 p.
  10. Gosudarstvennyi arkhiv respubliki Marii El. Fond 57. Opis’ 1 [Gosudarstvenny archive of the Republic of Mari El. Archives R1041. Anagraph 1].
  11. Gosudarstvennyi arkhiv respubliki Marii El. Fond 57. Opis’ 1 [Gosudarstvenny archive of the Republic of Mari El. Archives R262. Anagraph 1].
  12. Gosudarstvennyi arkhiv Rossiiskoi Federatsii. Fond A-2306 [State Archive of the Russian Federation. Archives A2306].
  13. Gosudarstvennyi arkhiv Rossiiskoi Federatsii. Fond A-296 [State Archive of the Russian Federation. Archives A296].
  14. Gosudarstvennyi arkhiv Rossiiskoi Federatsii. Fond A-382 [State Archive of the Russian Federation. Archives A2306].
  15. Gosudarstvennyi arkhiv Rossiiskoi Federatsii. Fond A-5462 [State Archive of the Russian Federation. Archives A2306].
  16. Gosudarstvennyi arkhiv Rossiiskoi Federatsii. Fond A-1575 [State Archive of the Russian Federation. Archives A2306].
  17. Gosudarstvennyi arkhiv Rossiiskoi Federatsii. Fond A-1575 [State Archive of the Russian Federation. Archives A7279].
  18. Gosudarstvennyi arkhiv sovremennoi istorii Chuvashskoi Respubliki. Fond R-2727 / 1531 [State archive of modern history of the Chuvash Republic Archives R2727 / 1531].
  19. Gosudarstvennyi arkhiv sovremennoi istorii Chuvashskoi Respubliki. Fond R-3034 [State archive of modern history of the Chuvash Republic Archives R3034].
  20. Gosudarstvennyi arkhiv sovremennoi istorii Chuvashskoi Respubliki. Fond P-6 [State archive of modern history of the Chuvash Republic Archives P6].
  21. Gosudarstvennyi arkhiv sovremennoi istorii Chuvashskoi Respubliki. Fond P-1 [State archive of modern history of the Chuvash Republic Archives P1].
  22. Gosudarstvennyi arkhiv sovremennoi istorii Chuvashskoi Respubliki. Fond R-2851 / 753 [State archive of modern history of the Chuvash Republic Archives R2851 / 753].
  23. Gosudarstvennyi arkhiv sovremennoi istorii Chuvashskoi Respubliki. Fond R-2889 / 534 [State archive of modern history of the Chuvash Republic Archives R2889 / 534].
  24. Gosudarstvenny iistoricheskii arkhiv Chuvashskoi Respubliki. Fond R-123 [State Historical Archive of the Chuvash Republic. Archives123].
  25. Gosudarstvenny iistoricheskii arkhiv Chuvashskoi Respubliki. Fond R-1041. Opis’ 1 [State Historical Archive of the Chuvash Republic. Archives1041. Anagraph 1].
  26. Gosudarstvenny iistoricheskii arkhiv Chuvashskoi Respubliki. Fond R-1752. Opis’ 1 [State Historical Archive of the Chuvash Republic. Archives R1752. Anagraph 1].
  27. Gosudarstvenny iistoricheskii arkhiv Chuvashskoi Respubliki. Fond R- Opis’ 1 [State Historical Archive of the Chuvash Republic. Archives R675. Anagraph 1].
  28. Gosudarstvenny iistoricheskii arkhiv Chuvashskoi Respubliki. Fond R-147 [State Historical Archive of the Chuvash Republic. Archives R147].
  29. Gosudarstvenny iistoricheskii arkhiv Chuvashskoi Respubliki. Fond R-151 [State Historical Gosudarstvenny iistoricheskii arkhiv Chuvashskoi Respubliki. ArchivesR151].
  30. Gosudarstvenny iistoricheskii arkhiv Chuvashskoi Respubliki. Fond R-121 [State Historical Archive of the Chuvash Republic. Archives R121].
  31. Gosudarstvenny iistoricheskii arkhiv Chuvashskoi Respubliki. Fond R-338 [State Historical Archive of the Chuvash Republic. Archives R338].
  32. Gosudarstvenny iistoricheskii arkhiv Chuvashskoi Respubliki. Fond R-6 [State Historical Archive of the Chuvash Republic. Archives R6].
  33. Desyat’ let Chuvashskoi ASSR (1920–1930) [Ten years of the Chuvash ASSR (1920-1930)]. Cheboksary, 1930, 328 p.
  34. Direktivy VKP(b) i postanovleniya Sovetskogo pravitel’stva o narodnom obrazovanii. Sb. dok. za 1917–1947 gg [Directive of the CPSU(b) and resolutions of the Soviet government on public education. Collection of documents for 1917–1947]. Moscow, 1947, iss. 1, 320 p.
  35. Dogovor zaklyuchennyi mezhdu Teneevskoi ShKM i kolkhozom imeni 1 maya [The Contract concluded between the Teneevskaya school of peasant youth and the kolkhoz named after may 1]. Khalakhaverenteseshch, 1931, no 3-5, pp. 64–65.
  36. Efremov E. Otdam vse sily shkole [I will give all my strength to the school]. Krasnaya Chuvashiya, 1939, May 8.
  37. Kratkaya entsiklopediya Krasnochetaiskogo raiona [Short encyclopedia of Krasnochetaysky district]. Cheboksary, Kaalem Publ., 2004, 223 p.
  38. Kul’turnoe stroitel’stvo v RSFSR. 1917–1927 gg. T. 1, Ch. 2. Dokumenty i materialy. 1921–1927 gg [Cultural construction in the RSFSR. 1917–1927. Vol. 1, Part 2: Documents and materials. 1921–1927]. Moscow, Sovetskaya Rossiya Publ., 1984, 368 p.
  39. Kuzmin V.L., ed. Kul’turnoe stroitel’stvo v Chuvashskoi ASSR: (sb. dok.): v 2. kn. Kn. 1. 1917–1937 gg [Cultural construction in the Chuvash ASSR: (collection of documents). 2 books. Book 1: 1917–1937]. Cheboksary, Chuvash Publ. House, 1965, 399 p.
  40. Makarov I. U znatnogo uchitely [From a distinguished teacher]. Krasnaya Chuvashiya, 1939, May12.
  41. Materialy pervoi Chuvashskoi respublikanskoi nauchno-pedagogicheskoi konferentsii, sostoyavsheisya 18–20 iyunya 1940 g [Materials of the first Chuvash Republican scientific and pedagogical conference held on June 18–20, 1940]. Cheboksary, 1940, 100 p.
  42. Materialy po istorii chuvashskogo naroda i Chuvashii. Vyp. 3. Kul’tura Chuvashii 1917–1991 gg [Materials on the history of the Chuvash people and Chuvashia. Issue 3: Culture of Chuvashia 1917–1991]. Cheboksary, 2004, 136 p.
  43. Muratov Ya. Ustranit’ nedostatki v shkolakh [To address deficiencies in schools]. Krasnaya Chuvashiya,1938, 12 September.
  44. Narodnoe obrazovanie v SSSR po dannym tekushchikh obsledovanii na 1 yanvarya 1922, 1923 i 1924 gg. i kratkii svod statisticheskikh dannykh za pyatiletie 1921–1925 gg [National education in the USSR according to current surveys for January 1, 1922, 1923 and 1924 and a brief summary of statistical data for the five-year period 1921-1925]. Moscow, 1926, vol. 28; iss. 1, 528 p.
  45. Narodnoe obrazovanie v SSSR. Obshcheobrazovatel’naya shkola: sb. dokumen-tov 1917–1973 gg [Public education in the USSR. General education school: collection of documents 1917–1973]. Moscow, Pedagogika Publ., 1974, 560 p.
  46. Narodnoe obrazovanie, nauka i kul’tura v SSSR: stat. sb [National education, science and culture in the USSR: statistical collection]. Moscow, Statistics Publ., 1971, 403 p.
  47. Narodnoe obrazovanie. Osnovnye postanovleniya, prikazy i instruktsii [Public education. Main resolutions, orders and instructions]. Moscow, Uchpedgiz Publ., 1948, 482 p.
  48. Natsional’nyjy arkhiv Respubliki Tatarstan. Fond R-271. Opis’ 1 [The National Archives of the Tatar Republic. Archives R-271. Anagraph 1].
  49. Oktyabr’skaya revolyutsiya i ustanovlenie Sovetskoi vlasti v Chuvashii: sb. dok [The October revolution and the establishment of Soviet power in Chuvashia: a collection of documents]. Cheboksary, Chuvash Publishing House, 1957, 507 p.
  50. Petrova A.P. Lyubov’ k pedagogicheskomu trudu [Love for pedagogical work]. Krasnaya Chuvashia, 1939, June 1.
  51. Sbornik dekretov i postanovlenii zakonodatel’nykh organov RSFSR i USSR, izdannykh o Chuvashskoi ASS, za 10 let (s iyunya 1920 g. po 24 iyunya 1930 g.) [Collection of decrees and resolutions of the legislative bodies of the RSFSR and the USSR, published on the Chuvash ass, for 10 years (from June 1920 to June 24, 1930)]. Cheboksary, 1930, 88 p.
  52. Sbornik prikazov i rasporyazhenii po Narkomprosu ChASSR [Collection of orders and orders for the people’s Commissariat of the CHASSR]. Cheboksary, Narkampros Publ., 1936, no 1–10.
  53. Spravochnik narodnogo uchitelya. Sbornik postanovlenii i rasporyazhenii po narodnomu obrazovaniyu. Spravochnye svedeniya [Reference book of the national teacher. Collection of resolutions and orders on public education. Reference information]. Moscow, Rabotnik prosveshcheniya Publ., 1925, 160 p.
  54. Statisticheskii ezhegodnik za 1926/27 i 1927/28 gg [Statistical Yearbook for 1926/27 and 1927/28]. Cheboksary, Publishing house of CSU CHASSR, 1929, 180 p.
  55. Statisticheskii spravochnik k desyatiletiyu ChASSR (1920–1930 gg.) [Statistical reference to the decade of the CHASSR (1920–1930)]. Cheboksary, 1930, 287 p.
  56. Stepanova A.S. O tom, chto pomnyu, o tekh, kogo lyublyu. Vospominaniya sel’skoi uchitel’nitsy [About what I remember, about those I love. Memoirs of a village teacher]. Cheboksary, Novoe vremya Publ., 2008, 176 р.
  57. Stepanova N.V. Trud – moe schast’e [Labor – my happiness]. Krasnaya Chuvashiya, 1939, June 1.
  58. Timofeev G. Zasluzhennaya nagrada [Deserved award]. Krasnaya Chuvashiya, 1939, May 16.
  59. Tokhtieva L.N. Professional’naya i obshchestvennaya deyatel’nost’uchitel’stva Chuvashii: 1917–1941 gody [Professional and public deyatelnosti-tion of the Chuvash Republic: 1917–1941 years]. Istoricheskii opyt natsiestroitel’stva i razvitiya natsional’noi gosudarstvennosti chuvashskogo naroda: materialy Vserossiiskoi nauchno-praktich. konf [Proc. of Rus. Sci. Conf. «Historical experience of nation-building and development of national statehood of the Chuvash people»]. Cheboksary, 2020, pp. 431–439.
  60. Tokhtieva L.N. Sovetskaya shkola 1920–1930 gg. v vospominaniyakh sovremennikov [The Soviet school of the 1920s and 1930s in the recollections of modern nicknames]. Desyatye vserossiiskie yakovlevskie chteniya: sb. materialov [Tenth all-Russian Yakovlev readings: collection of materials]. Cheboksary, Chuvash State pedAgogical University named after I. Ya. Yakovlev Publ., 2015, pp. 127–132.
  61. Tokhtieva L.N. Uchitel’stvo Chuvashii v 1917–1941 gg.: podgotovka kadrov, sostav i deyatel’nost’: dis. … kand. Ist. nauk [The Magisterium of the Chuvash Republic in 1917-1941: training, membership and activities. Cand. Diss.]. Cheboksary, 2013, 274 p.
  62. Uchest’ uroki Poretskogo rono [Take in to account the lessons of Poretsky rono]. Krasnaya Chuvashiya,1932, Oct. 20.
  63. ChASSR v tsifrakh (statisticheskii spravochnik): 1920–1924 gg [CHASSR in numbers (statistical reference): 1920–1924]. Cheboksary, Chuvashgosizdat Publ., 1925, 476 p.
  64. Chirkov I. Budu eshche luchshe rabotat’ [I Will work even better]. Krasnaya Chuvashiya, 1939, May 12.
  65. Chuvashiya za 15 let v tsifrakh: stat. sprav [Chuvashia for 15 years in numbers: statistical handbook]. Cheboksary, Chuvashgosizdat Publ., 1935, 399 p.
  66. Chuvashskaya entsiklopediya: v 4 t [Chuvash encyclopedia. 4 vols]. Cheboksary, Chuvash Publishing House, 2006, vol. 1, 587 p.

Information about the authors

Larisa N. Tokhtieva – Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Philosophy and Sociology, Academy of Labor and Social Relations, Russia, Moscow (toklarisa@yandex.ru; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2035-858X).

Elena K. Mineeva – Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor of Russian History Department, Chuvash State University, Russia, Cheboksary (mineevaek21@mail.ru; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8301-9951).

For citations

Tokhtieva L.N., Mineeva E.K. PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITY OF THE TEACHING COMMUNITY OF CHUVASHIA (1917–1941): HISTORIOGRAPHIC ASPECT. Historical Search, 2020, vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 148–160. DOI: 10.47026/2712-9454-2020-1-4-148-160 (in Russian).

Download the full article